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Groton is a town in northwestern Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 10,873 at the 2012 town census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Groton town, Middlesex County, Massachusetts )〕 It is home to two prep schools: Groton School, founded in 1884,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.groton.org/about/history )〕 and Lawrence Academy at Groton, founded in 1792.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lacademy.edu/page.cfm?p=1038 )〕 The historic town was a battlefield in King Philip's War〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.townofgroton.org/Town/GrotonHistory.aspx )〕 and Queen Anne's War,〔 experienced incidents of insurrection during Shays's Rebellion, and was the birthplace of William Prescott, who commanded the colonial forces at the Battle of Bunker Hill.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.theamericanrevolution.org/peopledetail.aspx?people=20 )〕 ==History== The area surrounding modern day Groton has, for thousands of years, been the territory of various cultures of indigenous peoples. They settled along the rivers for fishing and transportation. Historic tribes were Algonquian-speaking Nipmuc and Nashaway Indians.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.townofgroton.org/ )〕 The Anglo-American Groton started with the trading post of John Tinker, who conducted business there with the Nashaway at the confluence of Nod Brook and the Nashua River. The Nashaway called the area ''Petapawag'', meaning "swampy land." Other pioneers followed the Algonquian trails from Massachusetts Bay, as Tinker had. They found the region productive for fishing and farming.〔 The town was officially settled and incorporated in 1655, named for Groton in Suffolk, England. Called The Plantation of Groton, it included all of present-day Groton and Ayer, almost all of Pepperell and Shirley, large parts of Dunstable, Littleton, and Tyngsborough plus smaller parts of Harvard and Westford, as well as Nashua, New Hampshire and Hollis, New Hampshire.〔 During King Philip's War, on March 13, 1676, Indians burned all buildings except for four Groton garrisons. One of those killed was John Nutting, a Selectman at Groton. Survivors fled to Concord and other safe havens, but two years later returned to rebuild.〔 Native Americans attacked the town again during the Raid on Groton in 1694 (King William's War). In 1704 during Queen Anne's War, a French-Abenaki raid captured three Tarbell children among others, taking them to Kahnewake near Montreal for ransom, which was a thriving business between these opposing colonies. The two younger boys, John and Zachary, were adopted by Mohawk families and became fully assimilated, later marrying into the tribe and becoming chiefs.〔John Demos, ''The Unredeemed Captive: A Family Story from Early America'', New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1994, pp. 186 and 224〕 They were among the founders of Akwesasne, further upriver. Their sister Sarah was ransomed by a French family, converted to Catholicism and joined a Catholic order in Montreal.〔〔(Darren Bonaparte, "The History of Akwesasne" ), ''The Wampum Chronicles'', accessed 1 Feb 2010〕〔(Darren Bonaparte, "First Families of Akwesasne" ), ''The Wampum Chronicles'', accessed 21 Feb 2010〕 There are Tarbell-named descendants among Mohawk of Kahnewake in the 21st century. In 1775, the common in front of the First Parish Church was an assembly area for Minutemen who fought in the Battle of Lexington and Concord.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Groton, Massachusetts」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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